THE HISTORY OF THE FLU

Influenza epidemics have been documented throughout history, with the first reliable report from the 12^th century. The most memorable of modern major flu pandemics occurred in 1918, spreading rapidly worldwide and eventually killing more than 20 million people.¹

• Approximately 8 million people throughout Spain became ill with a strain of the influenza.² The pandemic was nicknamed the “Spanish flu,” as it was highly publicized in Spanish newspapers.¹
• In Europe, the epidemic began in 1918 in the northern and western French ports of Brest and Bordeaux, when large numbers of American soldiers arrived, bringing the virus with them.¹
• The disease spread quickly, as troop ships transported the disease to many parts of the world, including Germany and England.
• The disease continued to spread across Africa, South America, and Canada.
• So many people died of Spanish flu that it has been likened to the Black Death in the Middle Ages.³

Causes of Influenza
Like the common cold, the flu is transmitted by viruses—specifically, influenza viruses. It is estimated that approximately 5-20% of individuals get the flu each year, according to the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.⁴

There are three types of the flu virus: A, B, and C, and these are further identified by subtypes, based on their structure.⁵ Flu viruses mutate rapidly, so the immune system does not recognize the new pathogens. Because of the large number of viruses, and because they can mutate rapidly, it is difficult for researchers to develop effective vaccines that provide lifelong immunity; however, research is ongoing.

Protection Against Influenza
The flu can be life-threatening, especially to the elderly. Children or those taking medication for a chronic condition also are vulnerable due to potentially weakened immune systems.⁶ The CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) recommends that the flu vaccination is the single best way to protect again the flu.⁷ Speak with your doctor or healthcare professional to find out whether getting a flu vaccine is appropriate for you or your family. Learn more about the flu shot.